Wednesday, 26 November 2014

Choose what syncs to your computer

https://support.google.com/drive/answer/2375083?hl=en

Turn off sync for Google Docs, Sheets, and Slides

Google Docs, Sheets, Slides, Forms, Drawings, and Fusion Tables that you own will sync to your Google Drive folder. To turn off sync, follow these steps:
  1. Click on the google drive desktop icon Google Drive icon.
    • On a Mac, the icon is usually found in the menu bar at the top right of your desktop screen.
    • On a PC, the icon is usually found in the taskbar in the bottom right of your desktop screen.
  2. Select Preferences.
  3. Uncheck the box next to "Only sync some folders to this computer."
  4. Click Apply changes.

Sync all of "My Drive" or individual folders

Everything in "My Drive" will sync to your Google Drive folder, unless you choose to sync individual folders. Here's how to sync individual folders:
  1. Organize your files into folders that you plan to sync.
  2. Click the google drive desktop icon Google Drive icon.
    • On a Mac, the icon is usually found in the menu bar at the top right of your desktop screen.
    • On a PC, the icon is usually found in the taskbar in the bottom right of your desktop screen.
  3. Select Preferences.
  4. Check the box next to "Only sync some folders to this computer."
  5. Select which folders you'd like to sync to your Google Drive folder.
  6. Click Apply changes.

Sync items in "Incoming" or "Shared with me"

All files and folders that others have shared with you won't sync to the Google Drive folder on your computer, unless you add them to "My Drive" or to the individual folders that you've synced.
  1. Make sure you're connected to the Internet
  2. Click on the google drive desktop icon Google Drive icon.
    • On a Mac, the icon is usually found in the menu bar at the top right of your desktop screen.
    • On a PC, the icon is usually found in the taskbar in the bottom right of your desktop screen.
  3. Select Preferences.
  4. Click Visit Shared with me. You'll be taken to "Incoming" or "Shared with me" in Google Drive on the web.
  5. Drag and drop files and folders from "Incoming" or "Shared with me" into "My Drive" or individual folders that you've synced.
Any change that you make to a shared file or folder – on the web or on your computer – will sync and update your collaborators' copies as well. Learn more about syncing shared files.

How to change google drive storage folder?

 http://gappstips.com/google-drive/change-the-google-drive-default-folder/

 

Change the Google Drive default folder

Use this tip to change the default folder location in Windows



Categories:

When you download Google Drive to your PC a default folder will be created in C:\Users\[your name]\Google Drive. If you want to change the name or location of this folder you can do so by following the steps below. This tip is useful if you need the Google Drive folder to have a standard url for all your company – for 3rd party apps for example.
  1. Click on the Google Drive icon in your system tray (usually bottom right of your Windows task bar)
  2. Choose Preferences
  3. Choose Disconnect account, your Drive will be disconnected but your files will stay on your PC
  4. Click on the Google Drive icon again
  5. Sign in when asked, step through the set up until you reach screen 2 of 2 – then click Advanced setup
  6. Click Change to choose the folder name and location – if you choose an existing folder it must be empty
  7. Your files will now be re-synced down to your PC in this new location
  8. Delete the old folder and files – if you want to.
An alternative method, without disconnecting your account:
  1. Click on the Google Drive icon in your system tray
  2. Choose Quit Google Drive
  3. Now move the Google Drive folder within Windows Explorer to a new location
  4. Restart Google Drive from Start –> All Programs
  5. Google Drive will warn you that it can’t find the folder, click on the Google Drive icon again and choose Error – Google Drive folder is missing
  6. A window will open up, choose Locate folder and go find the new Google Drive folder.
Let us know if you have any other tips on moving the Google Drive default location in the comments.

Friday, 21 November 2014

Direct Benefit Transfer of LPG(DBTL) Scheme

http://petroleum.nic.in/dbt/index.htm




Join Direct Benefit Transfer of LPG(DBTL) Scheme

Ensure your LPG subsidy in bank and prevent its misuse

Will be launched in 54 districts on 15.11.2014 and Rest of India on 01.01.2015

If you had joined the previous DBTL scheme and had got the advance/subsidy in your Bank Account then - You don't have to do anything again.



About the DBTL Scheme

  • Consumers will need a bank account to join the scheme and receive LPG subsidy
  • Consumers will also get one time permanent advance in their bank account prior to buying the first market priced LPG cylinder
  • Consumers will receive subsidy in their bank account as per their entitlement of subsidized cylinders
  • Till consumers join the scheme they will get cylinders at:
    • Subsidized price for 3 months w.e.f 15.11.2014 till 14.02.2015
    • Market price for next 3 months, but the subsidy due will be given to them if they join the scheme within these 3 months i,e till 14.05.2015
  • W.e.f 15.05.2015 all LPG consumers will get cylinders at market price and only those who join the scheme will receive one time permanent advance & subsidy from the date of joining
  • To join the scheme and receive subsidy, consumers should use, Option 1 if they have Adhaar and Option 2 if they don't have Aadhaar:




Join Direct Benefit Transfer of LPG(DBTL) Scheme

Ensure your LPG subsidy in bank and prevent its misuse

Will be launched in 54 districts on 15.11.2014 and Rest of India on 01.01.2015

If you had joined the previous DBTL scheme and had got the advance/subsidy in your Bank Account then - You don't have to do anything again.



About the DBTL Scheme - Option 1

  • Step 1: Link your Aadhaar Number to your bank Account by Form 1* and depositing at bank branch (available here) / drop box at LPG distributor

  • Step 2:Link Your Aadhaar Number with your LPG Consumer Number in any one of the following ways:

    • By Hand: Submit Form 2* (click here ) to the LPG distributor

    • via Call Centre: Call 18000-2333-555 and register the Aadhaar Number

    • On Web: At www.rasf.uiadai.gov.in. Click on www.rasf.uiadai.gov.in and follow the procedure

    • By Post: Send Form 2* along with enclosures to the address given in Form 2*

    • By IVRS / SMS Click here
    * Form 1, 2 are hosted at www.myLPG.in and are also available with the distributor




===================================================================




 http://petroleum.nic.in/dbt/index_option2.php

 

 

Join Direct Benefit Transfer of LPG(DBTL) Scheme

Ensure your LPG subsidy in bank and prevent its misuse

Will be launched in 54 districts on 15.11.2014 and Rest of India on 01.01.2015

If you had joined the previous DBTL scheme and had got the advance/subsidy in your Bank Account then - You don't have to do anything again.



You can choose either of the methods below :


  • Method 1:
    Submit your bank account details
    (Click here to see if your bank accepts Method-1, else open your account with the banks in this list to opt for this method)

  • Or

  • Method 2:Submit your 17-Digit LPG Consumer ID details in Form 3*(Click here do Download Form-3) to your bank branch
    (Click here to see if your bank accepts Method-2, else open your account with the banks in this list to opt for this method)


No Aadhaar? You can still avail gas subsidy


 http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/No-Aadhaar-You-can-still-avail-gas-subsidy/articleshow/29172831.cms

 

No Aadhaar? You can still avail gas subsidy


GAS
There is confusion out there in the Aadhaar-based Direct Benefit Transfer for LPG (DBTL). 
BANGALORE: Neena Jose, a homemaker from Baiyappanahalli, was perplexed when the cooking gas delivery boy told her that Rs 407 will be credited to her Aadhaar-linked bank account after three days and that her bank account already has Rs 435. She had paid the market price of Rs 1,267 for the cylinder. But she had no idea that money was credited in her account as she was not notified, she says.

There is confusion out there in the Aadhaar-based Direct Benefit Transfer for LPG (DBTL). While some consumers are getting their token advance before their refills are delivered, others are waiting endlessly. However, oil companies and gas agencies maintain cash is being transferred directly to consumers' bank accounts. This is for those who have produced their Aadhaar credentials from December 1, 2013 in Bangalore.

But the authorities swear that it is not mandatory to have Aadhaar to avail the subsidy. Bangalore district is among 34 cities which have been included for DBTL. It was made mandatory in Mysore and Tumkur before the Supreme Court passed an interim order in the LPG-Aadhaar link.

If you have Aadhaar card...

* If you have Aadhaar card and have linked it to your LPG connection, you need to link your bank account with Aadhaar.

* After this, when you book your first refill, the gas company identifies you through your Aadhaar credentials and transfers Rs 435 as a token one time advance to identify you as a DBTL consumer.

* This amount remains in your bank account until you surrender the connection.

* The rest of the subsidy is credited to your account in six to 10 days after verifying with your Aadhaar and bank account.

* From the time you book your second refill to the ninth refill, you pay as per the market price of the cooking gas from your pocket. However you will get the entire subsidy amount in one go. The subsidy is transferred to your bank account in full after six to 10 days

* Thereafter, from the 10th refill onwards, you pay as per the market price without any subsidy.

If you do not have Aadhaar...

* If you do not have Aadhaar but you have a gas connection, you will not be refused a refill.

* You pay only the subsidized amount to the delivery boy.

* If you don't have Aadhaar and you want a gas connection at subsidized rate, you will have to furnish your ration card or a valid identity proof and address proof with the distributing agency.

* The first nine refills will be delivered at subsidized rate and thereafter, will be charged as per market price of cooking gas cylinder.

(Note: Though the oil minister has announced hiking the number of subsidized gas cylinders to 12, it awaits cabinet clearance.)

Payment time varies, don't panic

"We have not made Aadhaar mandatory in Bangalore. We have not refused LPG to anybody not having Aadhaar, till date. We insist consumers to furnish Aadhaar credentials if they have one, to facilitate the subsidy through DBTL. The payment is done through National Payment Corporation of India and DBTL which has tied up with State Bank of India. The payment is done within six to 10 days and sometimes, three days. When people don't get the refund/subsidy immediately, they tend to panic. But there is no need."

Abhijit De, chief area manager, Indane, IOCL

Link one bank account to Aadhaar, LPG

"There is absolutely no confusion between companies and distributors. When we get complaints on reimbursement, we go back to data seeded with our system. Problems arise when a person links the LPG connection with one bank account and Aadhaar with another bank account. People are not checking advertisements which are clear enough. Consumers who don't have Aadhaar are put on separate billing process by distributors. Until you produce an Aadhaar number to the distributing agency, the software with the agency will not show 'scheme change to DBTL'. Normally there are no errors as this is a nationwide software provided by oil companies."

Sathyan N, All India LPG distributors' federation (Karnataka circle)

Oil cos only following advisory

"The case regarding Aadhaar linkage to DBTL is still pending in Supreme Court and the next hearing is scheduled for January 28. The apex court has asked state governments to submit their versions on the case. As for the submission for Aadhaar for LPG subsidy, oil companies are following an advisory kind of method wherein they are asking customers to submit their Aadhaar numbers."

Ashok Lenin, deputy director (Bangalore regional office), UIDAI

ALL ABOUT LPG IN CITY

Rs1,267 : Price of 14.2kg LPG cylinder at market rate as on Jan 21, 2014

Rs 425: Subsidized rate of 14.2kg cylinder as on Jan 21, 2014

Rs 842: Subsidy entitled to consumer
Stay updated on the go with The Times of India’s mobile apps. Click here to download it for your device.

Aadhaar/Without Aadhaar-LPG gas subsidy

Aadhaar-LPG gas subsidy delinked

 

www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/aadhaarlpg-gas-subsidy-delinked/article5760503.ece#comments

M. Sai Gopal
Comment (3)   ·   print   ·   T  T  

From March 10, LPG consumers across the State will pay the subsidised cost price of Rs. 441 per cylinder

Great news on the gas-Aadhaar front. From March 10 onwards, domestic LPG consumers across the State will pay just the subsidised cost price of Rs. 441 per cylinder without depending on the Aadhaar card link up to the bank accounts for reimbursement of the remaining amount.
Clear directives
Clear directives de-linking the gas subsidy from Aadhaar card and bank accounts have reached the gas authorities here and distributors are being asked to start implementing the Aadhaar-less LPG scheme from Monday next onwards.
Those who have already booked for a cylinder and getting it before March 10 will, however, have to pay the non-subsidised price of Rs. 1,200.
Subsidy issue
The rest of the subsidised amount would be later reimbursed into individual bank accounts.
Officials said that they would supply gas cylinders at non-subsidised prices till Saturday, March 8 before reverting to the subsidised rates.
“We have received guidelines to start implementing the Aadhar less scheme on Wednesday evening. We are contacting distributors across the State and HPCL distributors have already confirmed that they will implement the new guidelines from Monday,” said State LPG Gas Co-ordinator, Madhukar Ingole.
one-month delay
Authorities said that almost all gas distributors would start selling cylinders at Rs. 441 by Monday.
“There will be no delivery of gas cylinders on Sunday, March 9. From Monday, a fresh start will be made,” Mr. Ingole said. It was towards January end that the Centre had decided to do away with the much criticised Aadhaar-based direct bank transfer scheme. But, it took a month for guidelines on implementation to reach authorities here.
Uncertainty ends
After the announcement in New Delhi, there was utter confusion as consumers complained that distributors kept selling LPG gas at Rs.1200 a cylinder.
Distributors on their part had maintained there was no communiqué on implementation of Aadhaar-less scheme due to which cylinders were sold at non-subsidy rate.
Cylinders
Consumers will be eligible to avail 12 subsidised cylinders between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2015. For the present year, the Oil Ministry officials have given two cylinders for the months of February and March.
“Consumers who have already booked nine cylinders can book two more cylinders by March 31, 2014 at the subsidised price,” Mr. Ingole added.
AIIMS Practice 2015
15k + Phy, Chem, Bio Questions Free Sign-up & Personal Mentoring
www.embibe.com/aiims-practice-2015

good news for middle class people,no use of aadhar card in this format.

from:  pramod
Posted on: Mar 10, 2014 at 10:54 IST

The idea of targeting the subsidies to only the needy and deserving is a good concept. But the way it has been handled in the current case is an example of how even good things can be messed up by mishandling and vested interests.

So many had to endure so much of pain and inconvenience, which has finally come to no avail. Is it not necessary to fix the responsibility for this fiasco? Or is it again a decision taken considering the ensuing elections in mind?

There is so much of confusion and overlap between Aadhaar and NPR that it is necessary for the Government to come out with a clear-cut policy guideline. We cannot afford wasteful expenditure, which we are forced to incur, all because of lack of imagination and foresight in the powers that be.

Common man is confused as to why Mr. Nandan Nilekani is planning to contest on a congress ticket leaving the Aadhaar Programme in the lurch!

from:  PVL Narasimham
Posted on: Mar 8, 2014 at 11:02 IST

Good news !!!
Now agencies can sell the cylinders in black market without much hassles.
One step forward and two step backward.
When will our people learn the hidden agendas in protests?

from:  Rege Chacko
Posted on: Mar 8, 2014 at 09:20 IST

VIT University Ph.D. Related forms and procedures

Programmes
From:   http://www.vit.ac.in/Research/academicresearch/1









Programmes
Regulations
Pertinent regulations pertaining to M.Phil / M.S / Ph.D programs are listed for compliance.
MPhil
M.S. [By Research]
Ph. D

Downloads
Application for candidacy confirmation
Application for Half yearly Progress report
Application for MPhil Registration
Application for M.S. Registration
Application for Ph.D Registration
Proforma for Constitution of Doctoral Committee
Proforma for Constitution of General Test Committee
Proforma for Guide Recognition
Proforma for submission of M.Phil. dissertation
Proforma for submission of Ph.D.-Thesis
Proforma for suggestion of Panel of Examiners

Formats for theses
Formats for theses and dissertations

Guidelines
Guidelines for Research Candidates

Conferment Requirement
Conferment Requirement
Regulations
Pertinent regulations pertaining to M.Phil / M.S / Ph.D programs are listed for compliance.
MPhil
M.S. [By Research]
Ph. D

Downloads
Application for candidacy confirmation
Application for Half yearly Progress report
Application for MPhil Registration
Application for M.S. Registration
Application for Ph.D Registration
Proforma for Constitution of Doctoral Committee
Proforma for Constitution of General Test Committee
Proforma for Guide Recognition
Proforma for submission of M.Phil. dissertation
Proforma for submission of Ph.D.-Thesis
Proforma for suggestion of Panel of Examiners

Formats for theses
Formats for theses and dissertations

Guidelines
Guidelines for Research Candidates

Conferment Requirement
Conferment Requirement

IITM-Ph.D. Synopsis and Thesis guidelines

http://mat.iitm.ac.in/usefullink.html


DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
Indian Institute of Technology MADRAS

Some Useful Information and Links...

  • Academic...





    • Latex template for IITM PhD thesis and synopsis   [tar.gz file][zip file].(Updated 29 October, 2012)
  • Downloads...

    • Latest IITM LOGO  [jpg][ eps]. (Updated 29 October, 2012)

  • General


  • Website

What is the difference between Science and Engineering?

From-- http://www.uoguelph.ca/engineering/what-difference-between-science-and-engineering we've:
Generally, Science is the study of the physical world, while Engineering applies scientific knowledge to design processes, structures or equipment. Both Engineers and Scientists will have a strong knowledge of science, mathematics and technology, but Engineering students will learn to apply these principles to designing creative solutions to Engineering challenges.

 =====================================================================

From--https://helix.northwestern.edu/blog/2013/12/what-difference-between-science-and-engineering by Karl Putz Dec 11, 2013

My apple didn't fall far from the tree, but it ended up on the wrong side of the fence. My family is filled with chemists. My mother has a BS in Chemistry, while my father and stepfather both have PhDs in Chemistry. My step-grandfather is an emeritus professor of Chemistry at Northwestern. I, uh, liked physics and math in high school, so I became… a chemical engineer. Instant black sheep status.
I still sit at the kids' table for Thanksgiving (it's more fun there anyways!). Chemists and chemical engineers remind me of siblings; they're so very similar, but their differences make them fight like cats and dogs at times. This does beg the question: What's the difference between scientists and engineers?
It seems that the way it used to be defined is that scientists did fundamental work that was fairly far removed from an application. For example, maybe they figured out a new way to make a molecule (or a new molecule to make). Yay! Unfortunately, they could only make a gram or two in the lab, which was never terribly relevant to industrial scales (often requiring millions of tons per year). Thus, a chemical engineer would come along and tell the scientists, "It's great that you did that, but we can't scale this process up. Figure out a different way to do it that we can actually use." Thus was born great animosity.
So, envision a line that stretches from fundamental research to applied research. On this line, fundamental research represents really, really basic research, like CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) Higg's Boson search stuff. Applied research is somebody running a machine in a factory that makes products sold to consumers. So, in the past there was some line drawn in the sand between applications and fundamental studies, and engineers stayed on one side and scientists stayed on other (see figure below).
science, engineering
I think a lot of that has changed now, especially in the academic research world. There are many professors in science fields (e.g. chemistry) who spin off companies from their research, and engineering professors who couldn't care less about end-use applications.
In light of this, I've redefined science and engineering (how nice of me). Start with the line from fundamental research to applied research that we drew earlier. But, let's erase the "line in the sand" division between scientists and engineers (see figure below).
science, engineering
So, let's think about somebody at CERN who is trying to fix one of the magnets that accelerates particles. I'd call him an engineer. I'm not sure what his title is, and for me, it doesn't much matter. He's trying to make something happen. On the other side, let's take a look at a researcher working in a plant that makes teddy bears. He's studying the fluid mechanics of how the stuffing blows into the body of the bear. He's trying to learn something. I'd call him a scientist.
Through these two examples, I'd say that you can have very applied scientists and very fundamental engineers. So if fundamental and applied no longer define scientists and engineers, how do we define them? I suggest the following method. If a person is asking, "why does this happen?" they are a scientist. Thus, no matter where on the spectrum they stand, they are looking toward fundamental issues. If a person is asking, "How do I make this work?" they are an engineer, and are looking toward the applied end. Therefore, your mindset in doing work determines whether you are a scientist or an engineer, not whether you are applied or fundamental.
For what it's worth, by this definition I'm much more of a scientist than an engineer as I love to understand why things happen, but am not terribly driven by end-use applications.
 ===================================================================

 From--http://www.engineeryourcareer.org.au/?page_id=123

Science vs Engineering?

Science is concerned with understanding fundamental laws of nature and the behaviour of materials and living things.
Engineering involves the application of science and technology to create useful products and services for the whole community, within economic, environmental and resource constraints.
Scientists discover different ways to generate and use electricity.
Engineers develop principles into practical components used to build power stations and enable the users of electricity to improve the quality of people’s lives.
A scientist may investigate the basic properties of various rock and soil types.
An engineer uses this information to derive engineering properties that are needed to design structures (such as building foundations, retaining walls and tunnels) and to examine the stability of natural and man-made slopes (such as those in dams).
If you are interested in finding out the differences between science and engineering careers in the same field, for example, research, find out more information: If you are interested in science and engineering.

 =================================================================

 From--http://chemistry.about.com/u/ua/educationemployment/engineervsscientist.htm

Some people say there is no difference between a scientist and an engineer, while other people think the two careers are totally separate from each other. Scientists and engineers typically have strong opinions about what they do, which makes sense, since it involves discovering, inventing, and improving pretty much everything, right? How would you describe the difference between a scientist and an engineer?

The Difference

Scientists are the ones who create the theories, engineers are the ones who implement them. They compliment each other, and often work together, the scientists telling the engineers what to make and the engineers telling the scientists the constraints that said thing to be made doesn't meet. They are indeed different, but they work very close together.
—Guest The Walker

Not VS, but AND

Scientists ask what happens and why in the natural world, while engineers use the answers scientists find to create new inventions and ideas not in the natural world. Both are equally important, as without scientists engineers would not create, and without engineers the research scientists do would be wasted. They go hand in hand.
—Guest ashley

It is not VS but AND

There is hardly any difference between the two. In the end it is all mathematics and physics.
—Guest Logical

Science vs Engineering

Science is about knowledge and engineering about invention.
—Guest Aburo Leusttas

Computer Scientist & Software Engineer

Science is a lot of high level theory and engineering is implementation and optimization. Often a Computer Scientist will come up with a plan that a Soft Engineer have to modify because the theory is not realistic enough to be in production. Engineers deal with math, efficiency and optimization while Scientist deal with "what is possible". A Scientist would be happy spending a million dollar creating a trinket worth 10 dollars as long as it's good science. An engineer don't have that luxury.
—Guest Ying

Can you tell I do English Lit?

Engineering is, in a way, more of a science than science itself is. There is something integrally artistic about searching for knowledge simply for knowledge's sake, as a scientist does, and something slightly less so about the functional, practical, minimalist themes behind most engineering. Science is more romantic, in a way, a never-ending search, engineering limited to goals, profit margins and physical means.
—Guest Michael

Scientist View

I am a scientist who works daily with engineers. I'm generally treated as one of them and often perform the same duties. The main difference is that a scientist focuses on the unknown while the engineer focuses on the "known". We actually complement well when the engineers can overcome their ego.
—Guest Nate

they are the same

i think there is no difference between a scientist and an engineer because both work for nature and humanity
—Guest aqeel

Scientist vs Engineer

As we can see from the list of the Noble Prize in Physics, we can already tell who inhabits that area. Scientists are the ones who starts the process, and their work are sometimes theoretical in manner, but really exciting both mathematically and mystically. Engineers doesn't really need to go that far to serve their purpose. I seldomly see an engineer who knows the strong force.
—Guest muon

THE Difference

Engineers trained for Using tools, where Scientists are trained for Making them. Engineers are Hard Workers, Where Scientists are free Workers. Engineers Spend most of there time to looking at a solution where Scientist spend their time looking at the Problem. Engineers always treats the decease where scientist treats the root of the deceased. Engineers are narrow minded and scientist are broad minded.
—Guest Supun

They are cousines !

Scientists develop theories and work to verify them, Engineers search in these theories to "optimize" things in real life. For instance, scientist may research and find out some properties of a material, engineers look for how to utilize these properties in optimal manner while considering efficiency, cost, and other aspects of interests. There is an overlap between science and engineering. In fact, you may find an Engineer who "develop theories" and a Scientists who "optimize".
—Guest Motasem

Science Vs. Engineering

Scientists, Engineers (and yes, managers) are all after the same thing! Science explores the phenomena of nature and attempts to find the laws that govern them; Engeering attempts to use the laws of nature (already known) to replicate them in situations leading to usable end results; Management provides the logical frame work (What and why -- the strategy and when and how [- the operations) for our efforts through science and engineering! Hence every professional is a scientist, engineer and manager (with different proportions, depending on their job assignment or career choice). Then what is technology? --- Technology is an integrated outcome of sceince, engineering and management pertaining to the phenomena of choice. This Nuclear Technology is the intergation of S/E/M pertaining to nuclear fission or fusion. Automotive technology is a collection of S/E/M efforts pertaining to automobiles and hence include I.C. Engine technology, Steering and Control technology, etc.
—Guest Dr. K. Subramanian

The Honest Truth

Scientists get PhDs; Engineers get jobs I guess my response must be between 50 and 1000 characters so maybe this random sentence will accomplish that.
—Guest TheWanderer

EveryOne else writing cliches

Engineers and scientists do the same jobs. Engineers only learn a particular field in great depth. For example, a physicist will know maxwells laws, and basic circuit theory; but an electrical engineer will have studied next to nothing but electrical phenomena for the same time. Engineering also crosses the traditional boundaries of science- chemical engineers study the physics of chemical reactions on large scales. Both jobs are problem solving jobs. Both involve design testing and innovation. Both can be research jobs involving the study of new phenomena
—Guest Studied both- worked as both

Engineer

"All engineer are scientist, but all scientist are not engineer"
—Guest Narendra thapathali

=================================================================


From--http://www.quantumdiaries.org/2012/05/11/science-and-engineering/

Science and Engineering: vive la Différence

This essay was motivated by a question from an engineering colleague. It would be presumptuous to say “friend,” as scientist and engineers are in a state of “friendly” rivalry, however, not to the extent as with arts. I once saw a sign in an engineering department hallway that read: Friends do not let friends study arts. Be that as it may, my colleague’s question was why scientists do not show the same order in all their work as they show in writing papers. That question I will attempt to answer in this essay.
Engineering is far older than science, being perhaps the second oldest profession, dating back at least to the building of the pyramids (Imhotep from the 27th century BCE is the oldest named engineer) and Stonehenge and probably back to when the first club was engineered.  Stonehenge is amazing as it was probably built without the documentation that is the hallmark of modern engineering practice. Unfortunately, that means we do not know what the initial requirements[1] were and this has led to much futile speculation as to its purpose.
Science and engineering are sibling disciplines, frequently mentioned together and have much in common. The main similarity is that they both deal with the observable universe and are judged by their ability to make correct predictions regarding its behaviour. For example, that the Higgs boson will be found at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) or that the building will not collapse in an earthquake. Secondarily they use similar techniques, placing high importance on analytic reasoning, to the extent that Asperger’s syndrome is sometimes called the engineer’s disease. The relation between Asperger’s syndrome and engineers or scientists may be an urban myth but it does indicate the relation of extreme analytic thought to both science and engineering. The solution to problems in both relies on the same problem solving skills, analytic thinking and mathematics. Do not let anyone tell you that either does not require a high degree of intellectual activity.
Science and engineering rely on each other. Behind every engineering project is a great deal of science, from the basic understanding of Newtonian mechanics in the building of a bridge to the advanced materials science in the construction of a cell phone. Actually, the cell phone is a good example of all the science needed: it depends on Newtonian mechanics (the construction of the cell phone towers), quantum mechanics (the operation of the transistors), classical electromagnetism i.e. Maxwell’s equations (the propagation of the signal from the tower to the cell phone), materials science (almost all the cell phone itself), and general and special relativity (the GPS timing that is necessary in some cell phone technologies).
Equally, science is beholden to engineering. From simple things like the buildings that house scientific equipment to complicated things like the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Making a building may seem simple but, as I see with the new ARIEL building at TRIUMF, nothing is simple and even something as basic as a laboratory building relies on engineering expertise. The ATLAS detector is another story. Its size and complexity are a marvel of engineering virtuosity. Back to TRIUMF, the IEEE has recognized the TRIUMF cyclotron, commissioned in 1974 and the main driver for much of TRIUMF’s science program, as an Engineering Milestone. Even the slide rule I used back in ancient history as an undergraduate[2] was an engineering achievement.
Despite the close relationship between science and engineering the two are different. The difference can be summarized in this statement: “In engineering you do not start a project unless you know the answer while in science you do not start a project if you know the answer.” Engineering is based on everything being predictable; you do not start building a bridge unless you know you can complete it. In science, the purpose of a project is to answer a question to which the answer is currently unknown. For example, if the properties of the Higgs boson were known, it would not have been necessary to build the LHC. Good engineering practice is based on order but at the center of science is chaos. We are exploring the unknown; great discoveries can come from serendipity. In science, something not working as expected can lead to the next big breakthrough. In engineering, something not working as expected can lead to the bridge collapsing. Advances in science are frequently due to creativity, not following rules.
This difference in perspective leads to very different cultures in the two disciplines. The engineer is much more concerned with process and following procedure. The scientist with following up his most recent hunch—after all, it could lead to a Nobel Prize.  Engineering versus science: order versus creative chaos. This is clearly an oversimplification as there is no clean separation between engineering and science, but it is a good indication of the divergence between the two mindsets. Thus, although engineering and science are closely related and indeed intertwined, the two, in their heart of hearts, are very different; engineering uses science in order to build and science uses engineering in order to explore.
Additional posts in this series will appear most Friday afternoons at 3:30 pm Vancouver time. To receive a reminder follow me on Twitter: @musquod.
[1] Project management jargon alert: requirements used in technical project management sense.
[2] HP produced the first pocket calculator when I was an undergraduate student.
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Tuesday, 18 November 2014

NIMBioS-Post Doc----http://www.nimbios.org/postdocs/#application

NIMBioS Postdoctoral Fellowships in Mathematical Biology


At a Glance

Overview

NIMBioS provides an opportunity for postdoctoral scholarship at the interface between mathematics and biological science that builds upon the experiences gained through the many successful postdoctoral fellows who have been in residence at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville over the past decades. Postdoctoral scholars propose synthetic projects that require an amalgam of mathematical and biological approaches, and are expected to include explicit opportunities to expand the scholars previous education. Projects should not require the collection of additional empirical data, but may involve many aspects (collating, formulating data bases, developing models) of synthesizing existing data. Applications are welcome from those with a range of both biological and mathematical prior experience, with highest priority given to those with explicit plans to develop their ability to effectively carry on research across these fields.
Postdoctoral applications are reviewed two times per year and the selected researchers are offered positions at NIMBioS where they conduct research that is mostly self-directed. While NIMBioS encourages its Postdoctoral Fellows to collaborate with established faculty locally and globally, to participate in Working Groups and Investigative Workshops and to interact with visiting scholars, the NIMBioS Postdoctoral positions are expected to be independent researchers. Given the breadth of backgrounds needed to be successful interdisciplinary researchers, NIMBioS will assign two mentors to each Postdoctoral Fellow, with one mentor having more biological experience and the other having more mathematical/computational experience. These mentors are expected to assist the Fellow to broaden their experience, and provide research suggestions, not to direct the Fellows research. Thus, applications which do not have a clearly defined set of research objectives are unlikely to be successful. While it is appropriate for applicants to identify particular local researchers whom they suggest as appropriate mentors, including those who may be most appropriate to assist in broadening the applicants prior experience, this is not necessary.
Postdoctoral Fellowships are for two years (assuming satisfactory progress toward research goals in year one). Under appropriate circumstances applicants may request periods shorter than two years, and in special circumstances a Fellow may request an extension beyond two years. NIMBioS Postdoctoral Fellows are encouraged to participate in grant proposal development workshops offered through UT and Fellows are permitted to serve as a Principal Investigator on grant proposals submitted through NIMBioS.

Outreach Opportunities

NIMBioS will have in place a variety of opportunities for Postdoctoral Fellows to participate in outreach and education opportunities, or to create new ones. These will include opportunities to collaborate with graduate students based at NIMBioS, assist in mentoring participants in the Research Experience for Undergraduates program, assist in developing educational programs at Minority Serving Institutions, develop new quantitative components for the Biology-in-the-Box program, and participate in outreach programs in collaboration with interpreters at Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Fellows who so wish may take on the responsibility for teaching a formal undergraduate course, particularly if this experience will assist them in meeting their career goals. All Fellows are expected to participate in an outreach or education activity of some kind during their tenure at NIMBioS.

Call for Postdoctoral Fellowship Applications

NIMBioS Postdoctoral Fellows are chosen based upon indications that the applicant's research plans are consistent with the mission of NIMBioS, the applicant has the demonstrated ability to carry out the proposed research, and the opportunities provided through NIMBioS will enhance the capacity for the research to be completed in an efficient and timely manner. Fellows are also supported in order to enhance the diversity of the cadre of researchers who are able to effectively address research at the interface between math and biology, and thus a successful applicant will include a plan that indicates how NIMBioS will expand their abilities in this regard. The research questions to be addressed by a Fellow may be either fundamental, applied or both, and may be focused around a particular biological topic, or one from mathematics that is driven by biological insight. We are particularly interested in requests to support research that integrates diverse fields, requires synthesis at multiple scales, and/or makes use of or requires development of new mathematical/computational approaches. In addition to the research responsibilities associated with the proposed project, each Fellow will be expected to collaborate in teams with other Fellows, faculty, staff and graduate students, and to participate in an outreach activity.
Support for a Fellow includes an annual stipend of approximately $51,000, full University of Tennessee employee fringe benefits including retirement and health care plans, and an annual travel allowance of $3,000 for attendance at professional meetings or to meet collaborators. If you have a spouse/partner with appropriate background to be associated with a university academic department, NIMBioS will provide a limited cost-match to the department to encourage an appointment in the unit for your spouse/partner.
Development of new experimental or observational data is outside the scope of activities for NIMBioS Fellows.

Application and Submission Process

The next deadline is December 11, 2014, for activities beginning summer/fall 2015.
NIMBioS applications for Fellowships are brief, not to exceed 5 single-spaced (12-pt type) pages (excluding cover sheet, literature citations, names and contact information of referees, and CV). The Problem Statement and Proposed Activities sections combined must not exceed 5 pages, including any figures or tables.
The application process has two parts, an online summary form and a more detailed project description.
PART 1: Complete the online application form, available here.
PART 2: Submit an application in PDF format, organized as follows:
  1. Cover sheet (~1 page)
    1. Descriptive Title
    2. Short Title (25 characters max)
    3. Name and contact information
    4. Project Summary (250 words max) - appropriate for public distribution on the NIMBioS web site
    5. Proposed start and end dates
    6. Potential conflicts of interest with the members of the Advisory Boards or the NIMBioS Leadership Team.
  2. Problem statement - Clear and concise statement of the research problem to be addressed, why it is important, and the approach to be used to address it. Include detail on mathematical and biological connections involved, and describe why your background is appropriate to address the problem. Include appropriate literature citations.
  3. Proposed activities that make use of NIMBioS opportunities to enhance the applicants abilities - include any particular outreach or educational activities planned. Applicants should try to identify (if possible) two appropriate local mentors (one more focused on biology and one more focused on mathematics) associated with NIMBioS, the University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory or Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
  4. Names and contact information for three references. Please arrange for each reference to provide a letter of recommendation regarding your background and ability to carry out the independent research as proposed, and your ability to engage in collaborative research as part of NIMBioS community. These letters should be submitted by email to postdoc_app@nimbios.org separately from your application. All letters of recommendation must be submitted before the request deadline.
  5. Full CV.
Applications will be accepted in digital format only, as a pdf file, submitted via email to: postdoc_app@nimbios.org. Graphics should be embedded directly into the application document. Note that applications should be submitted as a single pdf file including all of the components listed above (items 1-5).
Note that information contained in applications for NIMBioS support are governed by the NIMBioS Privacy Policy.

Tips for Postdoctoral Fellowship Applicants

Postdoctoral Fellowship applications are evaluated based upon a number of criteria. Below are some suggestions on how to structure a successful application.
1. The proposed research project should address an interesting and important biological question. Your application will be read by Advisory Board members who may not be experts in the biological area of the proposal, so an application should clearly elucidate the questions to be addressed and the relevance of these to major issues in biology. A Background section in the request should make it clear that you are aware of prior work on the questions being addressed, and an Objectives section should point out the main hypotheses for the project and how these relate to prior work.
2. The request should be explicit about the importance of mathematical efforts that need to be carried out to address the objectives of the project. A Methods section should identify previous mathematical work on the topic and point out how this will either be elaborated or applied in new contexts to address the project objectives. Any associated computational challenges should be identified along with a plan for meeting these. A description of the data needs of the project should be included along with a description of how these data will be obtained.
3. An Expected Results section should identify the projected products from your proposed efforts, including a outline of possible journal articles to be produced, software that will be developed, and any educational materials that are expected to arise. If appropriate, you should describe how the results will contribute to national needs in either fundamental or applied biology.
4. If the project is related to your prior research, for example from your dissertation, then the project description should elaborate how the proposed effort differs from your previous work and requires the facilities and expertise available through NIMBioS to be successful. If the project differs significantly from your previous research, the description should identify your capacity for expanding your expertise to be successful in carrying out the project.
5. Throughout you should emphasize why NIMBioS is the appropriate venue to both carry out the proposed research project and to meet your career objectives. Be explicit about any new skills or expertise you wish to develop and how the opportunities available through NIMBioS will assist you in meeting your goals.
6. Your recommenders should clarify in their letters why your experience is appropriate to the project you propose, and your competence to carry out independent research. Thus you should share your project request with your reference writers so that they may address these issues in their letters.
7. If there are mentors at the Univ. of Tennessee or Oak Ridge National Laboratory who are well suited to provide advice to you on the proposed project, please do identify them, but it is not necessary to contact them in advance. Mentors are not directing your research but assist as appropriate in the scientific aspects of the project and in providing career guidance. If there are particular researchers who are not based in the Knoxville area who you would like to collaborate with during your fellowship and suggest as potential additional mentors, do describe the proposed interactions with these individuals. Keep in mind that some funds are provided for travel for Fellows, but that these are limited, so that you should plan on mostly at-distance interactions with potential mentors based elsewhere.